No
No. The components of a vector will change based on what coordinate system is used to express that vector.
I coordinate system.
A vector quantity is one which transforms like the coordinates. In other words, if a coordinate system is transformed by an operator , any vector quantity in the old coordinate system can be transformed to its equivalent in the new system by the same operator. An example of a vector quantity is displacement (r). If displacement is a vector, the rate of change of displacement (dr/dt) or the velocity is also a vector. The mass of an object (M) is a scalar quantity. Multiplying a vector by a scalar yields a vector. So momentum, which is the mass multiplied by velocity, is also a vector. Momentum too transforms like the coordinates, much like any other vector. The definition of a vector as a quantity having "magnitude and direction" is simply wrong. For example, electric current has "magnitude and direction", but is a scalar and not a vector.
Yes.
It is the other way round - it's the vector that has components.In general, a vector can have one or more components - though a vector with a single component is often called a "scalar" instead - but technically, a scalar is a special case of a vector.
No. The components of a vector will change based on what coordinate system is used to express that vector.
A tangent of the vector is the projection of a vector along the axes of a coordinate system.
Components.
The direction of a vector is defined in terms of its components along a set of orthogonal vectors (the coordinate axes).
To describe position, you need more than one number - for instance, an x-coordinate, a y-coordinate, and (if it is in three dimensions) a z-coordinate. That's the very essence of a vector - the fact that it is made up of several components.
A vector having coordinate components that are the derived during the solving of a function.
I coordinate system.
I suspect the question arises from confusion. A vector itself already defines a direction, usually in the Cartesian xyz coordinate system. If you want to express the direction in other coordinates, such as polar or spherical coordinates you need to transform the vector to these coordinate systems. I can answer you question more fully if you can specify the specific coordinate system in which you want to know the direction.
Yes. - if all the other components are zero. When the word "component" means the mutually perpendicular vectors that add (through vector addition) to form the resultant, then then answer is that "the magnitude of a vector" can equal one of its components, if and only if all other components have zero length (magnitude). This answer applies to the typical case of a vector being expressed in terms of components defined by an orthogonal basis. In normal space, these basis vectors merely define the relevant orthogonal coordinate system. There are, however, mathematical systems that use a nonorthogonal basis and the answer is different and presumably not part of the submitted question.
The components of a vector are magnitude and direction.
The components of a vector are magnitude and direction.
There is no maximum. A vector can be defined for a hyperspace with any number of dimensions. Such a hyperspace can be described using an orthogonal system of axes and the vector can be split into its components along each one of these axes.