The theory of the "social contract" between the government and the governed.
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Hobbes, Locke Rousseau
There were three men who are historically linked to social contract theory. They are Thomas Hobbes, john Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Both Hobbes and Locke were Englishmen.
its either 1. a monarch has absolute power 2. the state of nature is a peaceful and harmonious 3. political authority should be shared by the monarch and representatives of the people 4. citizens have a right to revolt. not sure which one of those 4 though.
According to Thomas Hobbes, the state of nature or life would be worthless if not protected by the state, while according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the state of nature involves men driving towards self-preservation.
Social Contract
They all contributed to the development of social contract theory. This idea posits that individuals consent to surrender some of their freedoms to a governing authority in exchange for protection and a stable society. Locke, Rousseau, and Hobbes each offered unique perspectives on this concept and its implications for government and society.
Hobbes believed in a social contract that necessitated a strong central authority to maintain order and prevent chaos. Rousseau, on the other hand, emphasized the importance of individual freedom and the idea of the general will, where decisions are made collectively for the common good. They both had differing views on the nature of human beings and the role of government in society.
Hobbes, Locke Rousseau
Hobbes believed that humans are naturally selfish and must submit to a strong central authority to maintain order, while Rousseau thought that humans are inherently good but corrupted by society, and advocated for a more egalitarian and harmonious way of living in a social contract.
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Hobbes believed the state of nature to be a state of war and chaos, where life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." He saw the social contract as necessary to establish a sovereign authority to maintain order. Locke viewed the state of nature more positively, as a state of natural rights and freedom, and believed the social contract existed to protect these rights. Rousseau saw the state of nature as peaceful and harmonious, with the social contract as a means to protect individual liberties while promoting the common good.
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Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau
Rousseau can be seen as both an optimist and a pessimist. While he believed in the innate goodness of human nature and the potential for individuals to live harmoniously in state of nature, he was also critical of society and its corrupting influence on individuals. Rousseau's philosophical works often reflected a mix of optimism about human potential and pessimism about the state of civilization.
Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher known for his work in political philosophy. He is best known for his book "Leviathan," where he argued for a strong and centralized government to prevent the state of nature, which he believed was a state of war and chaos. Hobbes's theory influenced modern political thought and laid the foundation for social contract theory.
Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau
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