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List 20 commercial banks their CEO where they are established and their head office?
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∙ 11y ago
http://www.bankingonly.com/index.php?page=banks-cmd-ceo.php
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∙ 11y ago
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How does monetary policy determine exchange rate?
the ability of a country to make its own money and to set its own interest rates. the supply of money and interest rates. MONETARY POLICYMonetary policy is the oldest policy for the economic stability. It is a policy which is adopted by the central bank of the country to control the supply of money: We can say that all those methods which are adopted by central bank, of the country to control the supply of money are called the monetary policy. In simple words, monetary policy means monetary management. In the words of Harry G. Johnson, "It is a policy of central bank to control the supply of money with the aim of achieving macroeconomic stability". Tools Of Monetary Policy They are classified into 1. Quantitative Methods 2. Qualitative Methods 1. Quantitative Methods: They consists of those methods which Physically affect the amount of credit creation in the economy. They are as: 1) Changes in Bank Rate Policy or Rediscount Rate: The rate at which the central bank of the country gives loans to commercial banks is known as Bank Rate or re-discount rate, In Pakistan; State Bank charges 10% as bank rate. By changing such rate of interest, the central bank can influence the supply of money in the country. To control inflation the central bank increases the rate of interest. The commercial banks will also increase their rate of interest. Accordingly, the loans will decrease, investment, output and prices will fall. In this way, inflation will be controlled. Now, we assume that the country is facing deflation. To remove deflation central bank will decrease the bank rate, the commercial banks will also decrease the rate of inl91'Cst. In this way, people will get more loans. Investment production, employment and Prices will start rising up. Accordingly, deflation will be controlled. Limitations: But the success of the bank rate policy depends upon * The fact that how flexible is the economic system. How rapidly, there will be the effect of bank rate on other variables of the economy, like prices, wages, Interest and output, etc. * Commercial banks should abide by the instructions of the central bank. If the central bank brings changes in the rate of interest, the commercial banks should also change the rate of interest. * If commercial banks already have excess reserves then commercial banks will not depend upon central bank. It this way, they will not care for changes in the rate of interest from central bank. * If economic activity is flourishing or economy is having boom, then the business class will be prepared to pay even higher rate of interest and inflation will not to be controlled. 2) Open Market Operation .. This is the second instrument of the monetary policy. Under this technique, the central bank sells or purchases 'government securities. If the central bank finds that commercial banks are providing excessive loans which are creating inflation. To remove the inflation, the central bank sells the government securities. The commercial banks will purchase these securities to earn interest against such securities. In this way, the resources of commercial banks will go down. They will advance less loans. Accordingly, the inflation will be controlled. If there is deflation in the economy. To control the deflation, the central bank purchases the government securities. Then the monetary base of the commercial banks will increase their loaning power will increase. As a result, investment will increase, income and prices will go up. LimitationsThe problem is that, in most of the countries the money market is not organized where the securities could be sold or bought. The funds which are collected through sale of government securities should not be spent on unproductive fields. 3) Changes in Reserve Requirements Each commercial bank has to keep a certain proportion of its deposits in the form of reserves just to meet the demands of the depositors. As in the case of Pakistan, each commercial bank has to keep 30% of its deposits to meet the needs of its depositors. The central bank can influence this reserve rate. If the central bank realizes that the commercial banks are advancing excessive loans, it will increase the reserve requirements. Accordingly, commercial banks could advance less loans. On the other hand, in deflation, if the central bank reduces the reserve requirements, the commercial banks will be able to advance' more loans. Hence, deflation could be removed. 4) Changes in Reserve CapitalEach commercial bank has to keep a certain ratio of its deposit with central bank. In case of Pakistan, each commercial bank has to keep 5% of its deposit in the central bank. By changing the reserve capital, a central bank can control the supply of money by commercial banks. When there is inflation in the economy. To remove this inflation, the central bank will increase the reserve ratio. As a result, lending of commercial banks will fall. As a result the supply of money will decrease. On the other hand, if central bank decreases the 'reserve ratio, the commercial banks will be having more funds to advance. Accordingly, the deflation could be controlled. 5) Changes in Marginal Requirements Commercial banks do not give loans against leaves, rather they ask for pledges to make. How much a person will have to pledge is settled by the central bank. This is given the name of marginal requirement. The central bank can bring changes in the marginal requirements. If there is inflation in the economy, the marginal requirements will increase. In this way, people will get less loans. As a result, supply of money will decrease. During deflation the marginal requirements are decreased. Hence people will get more loans from the commercial banks. As a result supply of money will go up and deflation will be controlled. 6) Credit Ceiling/Rationing of Credit The central bank can issue directions that loans will be given to commercial banks upto a certain limit. As a result, the commercial banks-will be careful in advancing loans to the people. But this is a very strict method, hardly adopted by the central bank. Moreover, if the commercial banks are having other sources to borrow, they will not bother for this policy. 2) Qualitative Methods * Moral Suasion: It is concerned with just as a moral request by central bank to commercial banks that loans should not be given for unproductive fields which create inflation. Loans should not be given for speculative purposes and hoarding. But such like requests could be effective in the developed countries. * Consumers Credit Control: This instrument is applied during inflation. If the central bank wants to control the supply of money, it will issue directions to commercial banks that loans should not be advanced for consumption purposes or for consumer durables because they create inflation. * Direct Action: The instrument of direct action is concerned with the policy of central bank against commercial banks. It can refuse to give loans to commercial banks. The central bank will not advance loan to commercial banks for the sectors which create inflation. Moreover, if commercial banks do not follow the instructions of the central bank, It will refuse to lend commercial banks * Publicity: The central bank of the country is the overall in charge of economic stability of the country. Its aim is to protect the economy from inflation and deflation. For this purpose, it analyses the whole economy. It keeps an eye over the activities of the commercial banks. If the commercial banks are found advancing loans which create inflation, their activities will be unhealthy for whole economy. The central bank can black list such banks. Thus to avoid such bad reputation in' future, they will be careful in advancing loans. By: Shafaq Chohan
How does the federal reserve chairman become apppointed?
The small group of elite banks that is the federal reserve gives the President of the United States of America a list of pre-"authorized" people from which to choose the Federal Reserve Chairman.
What banks exited the TARP program?
US Government TARP ProgramA total of $700,000,000,000 (Billion) of US Government money was taken to give to US private banks. This is a list of the banks that have taken money and ones that have paid it back.http://www.financialstability.gov/latest/index.htmlhttp://www.financialstability.gov/docs/transaction-reports/1-13-10%20Transactions%20Report%20as%20of%201-12-10.pdfhttp://projects.nytimes.com/creditcrisis/recipients/tableThe deadline was extended to October 2010...... Many have not exited yet.
Who was the first American to win a Nobel Prize in economics?
The Nobel prizes are awarded for Peace, Literature, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, and Physics. There is not a category for Economics in the list of the awards which were established by the will of Alfred Nobel. There is an award called the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially named The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. This prize was established in 1968. The first American to be awarded this prize was Paul Samuelson.
What is a list of prices of goods or books?
what is a list of prices of goods and books
List of non-scheduled banks in India?
list of non commercial banks in India
Where can I find offices for lease?
If you are a future business person and need help finding a leasing office, it is best to start at you local bank. Many commercial property work with banks and banks will have updated list of new leasing offices around the area.
How are banks classified?
Banks have a number of classifications based on the type of business they are engaged in. Here is a list of bank classification: * central bank; * commercial bank; * wholesale banks; * savings banks; and * investment banks.
Where can I get a list of FDIC banks?
http://www2.fdic.gov/IDASP/ Click on find Offices and from there you can either search for a bank nearest you or download a list of all FDIC affiliated banks. Please note that you will need Microsoft Office or a similar substitute program in order to read the downloaded list. A free substitute for MS Office would be OpenOffice.org
Does Office Depot sell commercial printing supplies?
Yes, Office Depot sells a wide variety of commercial printing supplies. You can find a list of supplies on their website, officedepot.com. If you do not find the specific item you are looking for call your local Office Depot; merchandise varies by location.
List of banks owned by the government?
In the United States, it is not legal for the government to own commercial banks. If a bank is taken over for insolvency, it is the Federal Reserve that receives it. The Federal Reserve is a private agency and not part of the government.
All banks names in India and full forms?
There are a total of 67 registered commercial banks in India. Apart from these, there are also 11 Urban Cooperative Banks and 32 Rural or Grameen Banks in India. The whole list with names and full forms can be found in the link in the Related Links section
How many large banks in the world?
The world's leading banks (Ones that feature in the Top100 of the Fortune 500 companies list) are:Bank of AmericaJP Morgan ChaseCitibankHSBC BankLloyds Banking groupWells FargoRoyal Bank of ScotlandIndustrial and Commercial Bank of ChinaBarclays BankThese are the largest banks in the World
When was the world heritage list established?
the world heritage list was established in 1990's
List of mnc bank present in India?
There are far too many banks in India to list here. There are hundreds of banks in several categories. Categories include Nationalized banks, Regional rural banks, foreign banks. and private sector banks.
Which bank is the most leading banks in the world?
The world's leading banks (Ones that feature in the Top100 of the Fortune 500 companies list) are:Bank of AmericaJP Morgan ChaseCitibankHSBC BankLloyds Banking groupWells FargoRoyal Bank of ScotlandIndustrial and Commercial Bank of ChinaBarclays Bank
List of commercial bank in Nigeria and their activities as related economy growth?
Currently there are about 25 licensed commercial banks in Nigeria, these banks have been givenn license to carry out different commercial banking activities in Nigeria, however, it should be noted that there are other banking institutions (mortgage, microfinance etc) that also carry out different forms of banking activities in the country Their activities as related economy growth can be found here:
