Many variables are involved when determining the proper journal entries to record a sale. For example, consignment sales are recorded uniquely based on the terms of the consignment agreement between parties. Whether or not the sale is for a service or a good also presents differences in the way journal entries are recorded for a sale. If the sale is for a good, whether the company uses a perpetual or periodic system to account for inventory must also be taken into consideration when recording journal entries for a sale. Another variable that must be taken into consideration when recording a sale is whether or not the sale is on credit with terms that allow the purchaser the opportunity to purchase the good or service at discount if paid in timely fashion (trade receivable), and in addition, whether the company uses the net method or gross method when recording journal entries.
Assuming the sales transaction is not made on consignment, is not a trade receivable, and no inventory is involved, the following are the journal entries to record the sale.
If the sale was a cash transaction:
DR cash
CR a revenue account
If the sale was a credit transaction:
DR an accounts receivable
CR a revenue account
Accounts receivable - customer (debit) selling price
Sales - revenue (credit) selling price
Cost of goods sold (debit) cost of those same items sold in our books
Inventroy - merchandise (credit) the value of those same items sold above in the records
NB: according to the double entry principle, make sure the totals of debits and credits are equal
debit accounts receivable
credit sales revenue
debit cash / accounts receivables
credit sales
debit accounts receivable
credit sales revenue
Debit finished goods inventory
Credit cost of goods sold
Customer a/c dr
cash/bank a/c cr
{being goods sold}
Cash a/c dr. (amount)
to sales a/c (amount)
Debit liabilities
debit cash / bank
Credit assets
debit accounts receivable
credit sales
Debit cash / bankdebit loss (if any)Credit inventory account
To record the purchase of physical inventory: Dr. inventory Cr. cash To record sale of physical inventory: Dr. cost of goods sold Cr. inventory
debit accounts receivablecredit sales revenue
Sales >>>Cash/Accounts Rec/NotesRec Cost of Goods Sold >>>Merchandise Inventory
Debit Cash / bank / accounts receivable xxxx Credit Sales revenue xxxx
Debit cash / bankCredit equipment
debit cash / bank / accounts receivablecredit sales revenue
Debit accounts receivableCredit sales revenue
debit cost of salescredit cash / bank
debit accounts receivablecredit sales revenue
To record a journal entry for sales, the possession of goods or services is transferred from business to client or end user.
debit accounts receivablecredit land account