How are nouns pluralized?

Answer 1

There are two types of plural noun forms, regular nouns and irregular nouns.

A regular plural is a word that forms the plural by adding an -s or an -es to the end of the word.

An irregular plural is a word that forms the plural in some other way.

Examples of regular plural nouns:

apple: apples

box: boxes

church: churches

dog: dogs

egg: eggs

glass: glasses

Examples or irregular plural nouns:

baby: babies (nouns ending in -y preceded by a consonant, change the -y to -ies)

lady: ladies

calf: calves (nouns ending in -f or -fe, but not -ff or -ffe, change the -f or -fe to -ves)

wife: wives

hero: heroes (some nouns ending in -o add -es, some do not)

tomato: tomatoes

man: men (words from various origin languages that inherited differing plural forms)

child: children

foot: feet

tooth: teeth

mouse: mice

crisis: crises

parenthesis: parentheses

fungus: fungi

radius: radii

antenna: antennae

larva: larvae

gymnasium: gymnasia

datum: data

There are several more variations and most of the rules cited above have exceptions. Some of the plural forms inherited from other languages are now alternating with regular plural form, that both plural forms are accepted. If you are in doubt of a plural form, always consult a dictionary.

Answer 2

In most cases, an "s" is added to the end of the word, although sometimes "es" must be added. There are also some scattered words with their own way of forming plural nouns. But in general, add "s" like this: bike, bikes. Cat, cats.

Answer 3

The normal rule is to add an -s to the word eg one book, two books. But there are many exceptions: Words ending in -ss, -tch, -sh,etc require -es in the plural eg one glass, two glasses Words ending in -o (if English) require -es eg one potato, two potatoes Words ending in -o (if Italian) require only -s eg one piano, two pianos Words ending in -dy,-ry,-ty,etc require the -y to be replaced by -ies eg one city, two cities Some words change as well as requiring final -s eg one knife, two knives Some words do not require the final -s or -es in the plural eg one deer, two deer Words ending in -ies do not change in the plural eg one series, two series Some Latin and Greek words use Latin and Greek plurals eg one formula, two formulae or one criterion, two criteria

Answer 4

Question rephrased: What changes are MADE (passive voice), or what changes can YOU make (active voice).

Look at your question, you've used two plural nouns: changes and nouns.

The usual form to make a singular noun into a plural noun is by adding an -s or -es to the end of the word. This is called a 'regular noun' or 'regular plural', for example:

• apple > apples
• box > boxes
• church > churches
• dog > dogs

All other changes to make a singular noun into a plural noun are called 'irregular nouns' or 'irregular plurals'. There is a number of variations.

See the link below for a list of these variation with examples:

Answer 5

Most nouns are made plural by adding an -S to the end of the word, as in noun/nouns or word/words.

Here are the exceptions to the rule:

• Nouns that end in s, x, z, ch, or sh need -ES added to the end, as in box/boxes or church/churches
• Nouns that end in y with a consonant in front of it (like country) need to replace the y with -IES (as in countries)
• Nouns that end in y with a vowel in front of them (like day) just need an -S added to the end (days)
• Nouns that end in o with a consonant in front of it will either end in -S or in -ES (you'll need to check the dictionary to be certain)
• Nouns that end in f or fe will either end in -S or will replace the f with -VES (as in calf/calves)

There are also a bunch of oddball nouns that you just have to memorize, like if it ends in -us you change the -us to -I (alumnus/alumni) or changing child to children.

Answer 6

There are different rules for pluralizing different words.