Composition
Vein minerals are those that form in fissures in the existing rock, either thru deposition by mineral saturated hydrothermal fluids, or injection of magma and subsequent cooling.
Surface reflection is either specular or diffuse.
either different materials or a stronger base/structure
Either, or both. Minerals are usually considered gems if they are valuable, attractive and highly pure. Minerals are considered ores if they are used to extract a substance. For example, pure haematite is polished and sold as a gem, while crude haematite is used to extract iron.
Common mineral properties include:Breakage- whether the mineral cleaves in predictable patterns or fractures in random patternsColor- some minerals have characteristic colors, while others may come in a variety of colors. Color of minerals is largely due to environmental factors during formation (temperature, radiation, pollution)Hardness- the mineral's ability to resist being scratched, measured by Mohs hardness scale.Luster- how light is reflected off the mineral, is either metallic or nonmetalic. Nonmetallic is broken into 3 subcategories: earthy, glassy, or pearlyCrystal form- the way in which the crystals pattern themselves. There are six major patterns: cubic, hexagonal, tetragonal, monoclinal, triclinal, and orthorhombic.Streak- the color of the powder left behind when a mineral is rubbed over a rough surface (streak plate), reveals the "true" color of the mineralOther Properties:Specific Gravity, magnetism, smell, taste, reaction to acid
Composition is the chemical makeup of a rock and describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock, and, texture is the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes shapes and positions of the rocks grains.
Weathering
BASCILY texture is feel of something an Composition is what does it take to make up something.Texture is based on the sizes, shapes and position of the rocks grains. The Composition of a rock is determined by the minerals that make up the rock. Composition and texture are two characteristics that scientists use to classify rocks.
It is not obvious from your question whether you are asking for a term which describes solid materials having a definite chemical makeup - which would be a chemical or a substance, although those terms would apply equally well to liquid or gas materials having a definite chemical makeup - or whether you are asking for examples, which would include such things as ice, marble, table salt, steel, copper, etc.
use it to scratch other solid materials
Yes. Photosynthesis involves the transfer of electrons. Photosynthesis causes a chemical change. All chemical changes involve either the transfer of electrons or a change in the configuration of electrons. No other way exists to make a chemical change.
In biological chemical reactions, examples of these are called enzyme inhibitors. Enzymes speed up reactions, but enzyme inhibitors slow them down. This can be by either competing with the reactants for a spot on the enzyme, or by altering the enzyme's structure so that it does not speed up reactions anymore. In either case, enzyme inhibitors slow down chemical reactions.
A mineral, by definition is an inorganic solid with a crystalline structure formed naturally. Wood, paper, or any other organic solids are not minerals because they have no crystalline structure and form organically. Plastic is not a mineral either because it is made synthetically out of organic materials. Some organic materials like coal and other hydrocarbons are considered minerals economically. Bones and teeth contain hydoxylapatite that is organically formed but is still considered a mineral, so there are exceptions. Whewellite is organically formed but has a crystalline structure, and is considered a mineral.
Weathering is defined as the decomposition of minerals by chemical compounds attacking the crystal structure. Quartz is crystalline SiO2, a compound that is very resistant against all usual aggressive chemical agents (mostly acids in natural environments) and can be decomposed efficiently only by hydrofluoric acid (HF), which rarely occurs in nature. All other common minerals can either be oxidized on the surface (metals and sulphides), dissolved (carbonates and evaporites), transformed into clay minerals (silicates).
Because some minerals have either multiple colors or their color may have faded away over the years
its either a copmound or element material made by humans part of living thing not made of materials that were once part of living things
either self raising flour or baking powder. These both cause chemical reaction within the cake which gives the air bubbles making it rise.