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The US Supreme Court is the highest appellate court in the United States for cases involving federal law and constitutional issues. It is also considered the head of the Judicial branch of government.

The function of a "Justice" is similar to that of a judge, but the term justice is used on most high courts, as a sign of respect. The US Supreme Court comprises nine justices that sit en banc (as a single group) to determine whether decisions in cases they've granted certiorari (agreed to review) are in keeping with federal and constitutional law. Sometimes, the law itself is being judged for constitutionality, under the Supreme Court's authority of "judicial review." Other times, the application of law is in question. The Supreme Court Justices are responsible for interpreting the Constitution and applying their interpretation to cases that set legal precedent for the lower courts to follow.

Supreme Court justices are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate (per the "Advice and Consent Clause" of the Constitution, Article II, Section 2, Paragraph 2) for lifetime commissions.

Justices may choose to leave the court through resignation or retirement, may serve in office until death, or may be impeached by the House and tried in the Senate for "high crimes and misdemeanors" (serious legal and ethical violations). The only justice to be impeached was Samuel Chase, in 1804. He was acquitted of charges by the Senate and served seven more years on the bench, until his death in 1811.

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