March and September Equinoxes: the Equator (zero latitude)
June Solstice: Tropic of Cancer, 23.5 degrees north latitude
December Solstice: Tropic of Capricorn, 23.5 degrees south latitude
Somewhere on the latitude 20.35 degrees south.
That's the latitude of the line around the earth through
-- central Namibia
-- northern Botswana,
-- Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
-- Beira, Mozambique
-- Morondava, Madagascar
-- Port Louis, Mauritius
-- Port Hedland, Australia
-- the north end of New Caledonia
-- Iquique, Chile
-- Camiri, Bolivia
-- northern Paraguay
-- Campo Grande and Vitoria, Brazil
--
This happens at the spring equinox and at the autumnal equinox.
At the equator.
I think that the sun is only ever directly overhead the equator at noon on any day of the year.
The sun can only be directly overhead at high noon, when one is between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (within about 15 degrees latitude of the equator). Otherwise the sun only reaches a zenith (highest point) on the southern horizon when one is in the northern hemisphere, and vice versa.
The sun is directly overhead the Tropic of Cancer on the June Solstice, which can either fall on June 20 or 21 each year.
That would be on the day of the Summer Solstice.If you live south of the Tropic of Capricorn, it's within a day either way of December 21.If you live north of the Tropic of Cancer, that's within a day either way of June 21.If you live anywhere between those lines ... in the "Tropics", between 23.5° north latitudeand 23.5° south latitude ... then there are two days each year when the mid-day sun isdirectly over your head. The dates depend on your exact latitude in the Tropics. If you'reexactly on the Equator, then they're roughly March 21 and September 21.
The furthest south the Sun will ever be overhead is the imaginary line known as the Tropic of Capricorn - lying at 23° 26' 22" south of the Equator. It is overhead there on the December solstice - usually December 22 26′ 22″north of the The furthest north it will ever be overhead is the similar line, the Tropic of Cancer, lying at 23° 26' 22" north of the Equator. It is overhead there at the June Solstice - usually June 21. In between these dates it appears overhead at points between these two lines - moving towards the Equator - where it is overhead at the equinoxes - March 20th and Spetember 22.
I think that the sun is only ever directly overhead the equator at noon on any day of the year.
8 degrees north
The sun can never be directly overhead anywhere in New York state ... or anywhere in the USA for that matter. The highest it can ever appear is at noon on June 21. But in order to ever see it directly overhead, you have to be located within 23.5 degrees of the equator.
In the summer - or more specifically, on the summer solstice (June 21 in the northern hemisphere, December 21 in the southern hemisphere) the noon Sun is as high in the sky as it will get. If the Sun were directly overhead, you would cast no shadow at all. As summer progresses into fall, the noon Sun will be lower and lower in the sky until the winter solstice, when the noon Sun is low in the sky, and the noon shadows will be longer.
At mid-day or when the sun is as close to overhead of you as possible. At this time, your shadow will be directly below you and not long, as it is at sunrise or sunset. If you want which day in a year the Shadow likely to be smallest than it is June 22
The sun can only be directly overhead at high noon, when one is between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (within about 15 degrees latitude of the equator). Otherwise the sun only reaches a zenith (highest point) on the southern horizon when one is in the northern hemisphere, and vice versa.
It shines directly overhead at noon on June 21-22, usually 1 or 2 days.
The Antarctic Circle never receives direct sunlight. The closest it ever gets is on December 21, when the sun ascends to 43 degrees away from being overhead at noon on the Antarctic Circle. But that's the highest the sun can ever get there.
the equator
Summer potentially has the shortest solar shadows because the Sun is more directly overhead. (This would be around noon close to June 21 in the northern hemisphere - Summer solstice - and December 21 in the southern hemisphere - winter solstice).
72.5 degrees
brazil and ksw