Optically active
The electrons absorb the light energy, which excites them.
fluorescence
phosphorescent materials do this
Pigments in plastids absorb various wavelengths of light.
The difference is in the substances of which they're made, and how muchincident radiation those substances absorb or reflect.And that should really be your question. You should be asking why differentsubstances absorb different amounts of the energy that shines on them.The question you did ask isn't really a question, once you understand what's going on.Some colors are dark, because they absorb more light, and incidentally more heat too.And some colors are light, because they absorb less light, and by the way less heat too.
Optically active
Thermal energy
They are energy transformers. They convert light energy to chemical energy
The electrons absorb the light energy, which excites them.
they absorb light and convert it into chemical energy
fluorescence
UV has higher energy (per photon) than visible light.
Trees don't absorb sunlight as such but more USE sunlight to convert into energy through a process called photosynthatsis.
phosphorescent materials do this
They are the chlorophyll pigments. They absorb frequencies from visible light
Chlorophyll a can absorb solar energy, but only a few in the excited state of chlorophyll a can convert light energy into electricity.
Pigments in plastids absorb various wavelengths of light.