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What materials are insulators?

Updated: 12/15/2022
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13y ago

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There are many materials that are used to insulate.

If the idea is to keep sound energy from entering a building steel springs, or rubber blocks, can be placed between a mechanical device and the building structure, or a fiber type insulation can be placed inside an air duct to keep the sound of the air in motion from being transferred to the building. Cloth sections are placed between metal duct work and a large centrifugal fan to stop sound transfer and/or vibrations from being transferred to the duct.

Porcelain or specially formulated epoxies are used to insulate high voltages from the ground. Special plastic or rubber-like material is used to insulate electrical wires.

Fiberglass bats, closed cell foam, cork, or even ground up paper are used for thermal insulation.

Almost any solid material, flexible or rigid, can be used to insulate from light.

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13y ago
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13y ago

Insulators used for high-voltage power transmission are made from glass, porcelain, or composite polymer materials. Porcelain insulators are made from clay, quartz or alumina and feldspar, and are covered with a smooth glaze to shed water. Insulators made from porcelain rich in alumina are used where high mechanical strength is a criterion. Porcelain has a dielectric strength of about 4--10 kV/mm. Glass has a higher dielectric strength, but it attracts condensation and the thick irregular shapes needed for insulators are difficult to cast without internal strains. Some insulator manufacturers stopped making glass insulators in the late 1960s, switching to ceramic materials. Recently, some electric utilities have begun converting to polymer composite materials for some types of insulators. These are typically composed of a central rod made of fibre reinforced plastic and an outer weather shed made of silicone rubber or EPDM. Composite insulators are less costly, lighter in weight, and have excellent hydrophobic capability. This combination makes them ideal for service in polluted areas. However, these materials do not yet have the long-term proven service life of glass and porcelain.

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Q: What materials are insulators?
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