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There are several possible names which all mean roughly the same thing, including the term "lens opening" used in the question itself. Others include:

* Aperture * Diaphragm * Stop (because it "stops" the passage of light) * f/stop * (obsolete) Waterhouse Stop The largest lens opening at which a lens may be set is called its lens speed.For example, a 50 mm lens with a maximum aperture of f/2.8 is referred to as an f/2.8 lens.

Probably most commonly the lens opening is called the aperture, and apertures are typically rated or measured in f/stops. In most modern cameras the aperture is adjustable, using a metal leaf diaphragm called the "iris diaphragm" (since it operates just like the iris in your eye) which can be opened or closed to let in more or less light.

The adjustable iris diaphragm together with the adjustable shutter speed work together to control the total amount of light admitted to the camera during exposure. The diaphragm and shutter may be user controlled, camera controlled, both, or fixed, depending on the camera. It is not known who invented the first iris diaphragm, but a certain J. H. Brown of the Royal Microscopical Society seems to have invented an "improved" iris diaphragm around 1867.

The term "f/stop" refers to FACTORIAL stop. The physical area of the opening is expressed as a factor or ratio of the focal length, calculated by dividing the focal length by the diameter of the opening.

Waterhouse stops are now obsolete, but before someone invented the metal leaf continuously adjustable iris diaphragm, some early camera lenses came with a set of metal plates with holes in varying sizes which could be inserted into a slot in the lens to control the amount of light admitted. The invention was credited to John Waterhouse of Halifax in 1858.

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15y ago
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15y ago

This is called the "iris".

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Q: What are lens openings called?
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