Pre-defined arrangement of tools and panels.
You can select what is shown or hidden in the Window menu. You can also minimize certain panels by double clicking on their tab. To expand minimized panels again, simply click on their tabs once.
All tools like Move tool, Brush tool, Type tool live in Toolbox or tool panel as you say. It is one of most important panels in Photoshop, you can not access tools in Photoshop from any other panel in Photoshop.
Palette is a set of various panels. Panels like LAYERS, MASKS, PATHS.. are very important and contains many options not available from menus. Palette is a part of workspace and by default located on the right side of screen
Depend on when is pressed it can hide all panels and tools or to move to the next text field in any dialog, panel or Options bar (when options bar is in focus). Tab can also switch from Full Screen Mode to Full Screen Mode With Menu Bar. Shift + Tab hides palette with panels on the right side of screen.
Photoshop Elements is Photoshop but with less features, so Photoshop is better but it is professional level software. For home use or to get started Photoshop Elements is OK.
you mean working space?there are tools on left hand side,panels with adjustments,Layers.. on right side,main working area in middle and menu on the top
Basics: tools, how to resize photo and change resolution, how to use panels. Basically it depend very much on what you want to do. whether just fixing or improving personal photos or working on a big project. anyway I recommend this site to learn using Photoshop fast and easy: https://sites.google.com/site/photoshopinaday/
Photoshop 3.0
No, photoshop is not the law
what is photoshop?
Prior to CS4, panels were referred to as palettes. A panel or palette is a box (usually located on the right hand side of the screen, but moveable) that allows you to change options associated with a Photoshop feature. For example, the layers panel or palette is used to manipulate layers; the character panel or palette is used to manipulate text.