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Lakes and ponds undergo natural processes of change over time. Eutrophication is a process in which nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, build up in a lake or pond over time, causing an increase in algae growth. Certain natural events and human activities can increase the rate of eutrophication. For example, when farmers and homeowners spread fertilizers on fields and lawns, some of the nutrients can run off into nearby lakes and ponds. Sewage treatment plants can leak waste water into the soil. The nutrients in the waste water make their way from the soil into water that leads into lakes and ponds. These events cause a rapid increase in algae growth. If the nutrient sources can be eliminated and the nutrients used up, eutrophication slows to its natural rate. Eutrophication triggers a series of events with serious consequences.First, the layer of algae prevents sunlight from reaching plants and other algae beneath the surface. Those organisms die and sink to the bottom. Then decomposers, such as bacteria, which break down the bodies of the dead organisms, increase in number. Soon the bacteria use up the oxygen in the water. Without oxygen, fishes and other organisms in the water die. About the only organisms that survive are the algae on the surface.

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I need this as well


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