When the refractive index of the air varies with altitude ... if there is a vertical gradient
of temperature, pressure, and/or humidity ... electromagnetic radiation, such as light or
radio, will be refracted upward or downward as it makes its way through the air.
Utterly fascinatingly, this is the reason that legends of flying horses and magic carpets
were born in places with the steepest gradients of atmospheric refractivity, like the
Arabian desert.
The density. Refraction occurs at the boundary between two media of differing densities, such as air and water.
Each substance has an index of refraction. The index of refraction of water is about 1.3330 . The index of refraction of air at standard conditions is about 1.0003 . There is no such thing as the index of refraction of "water to air".
No refraction can occur either way!
More details!
A ray of light changes direction when it gets out of the water, and into the air. This is called "refraction".A ray of light changes direction when it gets out of the water, and into the air. This is called "refraction".A ray of light changes direction when it gets out of the water, and into the air. This is called "refraction".A ray of light changes direction when it gets out of the water, and into the air. This is called "refraction".
The density. Refraction occurs at the boundary between two media of differing densities, such as air and water.
Each substance has an index of refraction. The index of refraction of water is about 1.3330 . The index of refraction of air at standard conditions is about 1.0003 . There is no such thing as the index of refraction of "water to air".
No refraction can occur either way!
damp conditions with ready access to air
For refraction to occur in a wave, the wave must enter a new medium at an angle.
A mirage is an optical illusion which is caused by atmospheric conditions. This is often due to the refraction of light from the sky by heated air.
The word is rainbow. Rainbows occur when light is reflected inside droplets of water and then refracted out into the air.
Dispersion will occur, in the sense that the phase velocity of the different wavelengths will be different. What you may be asking is whether refraction (a change in the direction of the light) will occur. Refraction will only be visible if the light impacts at an oblique angle, not 90 degrees.
More details!
Refraction occurs for any waves, where there's a change in the medium.
refraction
a tropical storm.