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Homer A. Plessy was the petitioner in the landmark US Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 US 537 (1896) that validated the "separate but equal" doctrine and lead to generations of oppressive Jim Crow laws in the United States.

Plessy was of mixed heritage, but was seven-eighths white. Both of Plessy's parents were listed as free persons of color, so it's impossible to tell which ancestors in the lineage on each side were African-American.

Plessy had very light skin and admitted he could "pass" as white, although he had enough African traits to be able to challenge the Louisiana Separate Cars Act, 1890 legislation that enforced segregation in intrastate railway travel. Plessy belonged to a group called the "Citizens' Committee" that deliberately provoked subtle confrontation over the law.

Lead Counsel for the case, Albion Tourgee, purposely chose Plessy for his light complexion, but wasn't simply trying to elevate the status of lighter-skinned African-Americans, as some of his contemporary darker-skinned peers criticized him of doing. Tourgee was a brilliant strategist who wanted equality for all African-Americans.

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Where did Homer Plessy live?

Homer Plessy was classified as an "Octoroon" by 19th-Century New Orleans standards, meaning he was one-eighth African in descent. Plessy had one black grandmother, a Haitian "free woman of color," named Catherine Mathieu, who married and bore eight children with Homer's French Caucasian grandfather, Germain Plessy. Homer was very light-skinned, and said his African heritage was "not discernable."Plessy belonged to a group of New Orleans' African-American professionals, the Citizens Committee, that deliberately staged confrontations over Jim Crow laws in Louisianna. The law targeted in this case was Louisiana's Separate Car Act of 1890, which required separation of travelers by race. If Plessy's arrest hadn't been prearranged with the East Louisiana Railroad Company, he probably wouldn't have been challenged for sitting in the "whites only" car.You can access a photo of Homer Plessy via Related Links, below.


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What did Homer Plessy look like?

Homer Plessy was classified as an "Octoroon" by 19th-Century New Orleans standards, meaning he was one-eighth African in descent. Plessy had one black grandmother, a Haitian "free woman of color," named Catherine Mathieu, who married and bore eight children with Homer's French Caucasian grandfather, Germain Plessy. Homer was very light-skinned, and said his African heritage was "not discernable."Plessy belonged to a group of New Orleans' African-American professionals, the Citizens Committee, that deliberately staged confrontations over Jim Crow laws in Louisianna. The law targeted in this case was Louisiana's Separate Car Act of 1890, which required separation of travelers by race. If Plessy's arrest hadn't been prearranged with the East Louisiana Railroad Company, he probably wouldn't have been challenged for sitting in the "whites only" car.You can access a photo of Homer Plessy via Related Links, below.


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