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There are two main concerns when using oxygen on new born babies. One is oxygen toxicity, the other is meeting the babies oxygen requirements.

On one hand, oxygen can actually be toxic, especially to pre-term babies from 32 weeks gestation and lower. High FiO2's(fraction of inspired oxygen) may even cause blindness (ROP), and Intracerebral bleeds (ICH). Secondly, the baby must have sufficient O2 to meets its bodies demands.

I told you this so you know there is a difference in term newborn, and pre-term, oxygenation requirements. So, the simple answer to a complicated scenario is, apply the minimum FiO2 that will address the babies requirements. This is called oxygen titration.

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