Lipids!
Dye and nitric acid are different. A dye is a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied. The dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution, and requires a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.
Sudan dye is lipid -soluble dye, thus, it will turn any lipids to red. It mixes with it.
The sudan dye is a lipid itself, therefore you have a lipid layer interacting with another lipid.
fats (Lipids)
Salt helps by making the dye solution stick to the cloth fibers.
Red and Yellow dye.
Sudan IV is a diazo dye for staining lipids, lipoproteins, and triglycerides. It is used in Sudan staining, wherein it attaches to the fats chemically.
Sudan III: To make 100 ml of Sudan IV staining solution: warm 73.5 ml of 95% ethyl alcohol [C2H5OH] in a warm water bath (hot tap water will do). Add 0.5 grams of Sudan (III) and stir. Add 75-80 degrees Celsius distilled water to just below the 100 ml mark; stir. Cool to room temperature; dilute to 100 ml with distilled water; stir then filter. (Use: biological stain)
stem
If no lipids are present, the red dye will sink to the bottom of the test tube. Sudan (iv) is not soluble in water but soluble in lipid.
Red and Yellow dye.
The dye solution will dry