Excel formulas begin with an equal sign, for example:
=SUM(A1:A7)
will give you the total of the numbers in cells A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6 and A7.
Array formulas start with = but are enclosed in brace bracket{}.
You can also use the plus or minus sign to start a formula, but as soon as you press Enter, a plus will be converted into an equals sign and a minus sign will have an equals sign inserted before it, so the formula will still show as starting with an equals sign.
+5+7 will become =5+7
-10*2 will become =-10*2
Lotus 123 was the big spreadsheet application before Excel. It used the @ sign to start its functions. In order to help people moving from using Lotus 123 to Excel, the ability to start functions with the @ sign was included in Excel, and you can still do that. This applies only to functions at the start of a formula, not any formula.
It doesn't matter, but after it is entered, Excel will automatically convert it to uppercase.
It is usually there unless you have hidden it through the View options. The Cancel and Enter buttons on it only appear on the formula bar when you start to type into a cell.
Formula autocomplete
The Formula Bar.
Yes, in Excel, every formula must start with an equal sign (=) to indicate to the program that it is a formula and not a regular text entry. This is a key rule in Excel syntax that helps differentiate between data and calculations. Omitting the equal sign will result in Excel treating the entry as text rather than a formula.
Excel assumes data is text initially, but can treat it differently depending on the way you enter it. That is why you enter an equals sign at the beginning of a formula to indicate to Excel that you are creating a formula.
A formula.
Then it will not be treated as a formula. It will appear literally as you type it. Because cell references and functions begin with letters Excel needs the equals sign to tell it that what is following is a formula and not just a piece of text. You can actually also start a formula with a plus sign or minus sign, but an equals sign will automatically be added.
excel sums the cells in the column
Functions have a name followed by brackets. So when you have a name followed immediately by brackets, it is a function. On the worksheet it would also have an equals in front of it. In a module it would have the keyword Function in front of it.
The first key you type in Excel to create any kind of formula is the equal sign (=). If you are trying to create an array formula press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER. Excel surrounds the formula with braces ({ }) and places an instance of the formula in each cell of the selected range.
Without it, Excel will treat what you type in as a number, date or text. What you type will then literally appear in the cell. All functions start with letters. If the first thing you type is a letter, then it would be treated as text. The equals sign tells Excel to do the calculation that follows it. If you try typing any formula or function without an equals sign it will just appear in the cell and not do a calculation.