Mesopotamia refers to a region rather than a specific time period. It encompasses a timeline spanning thousands of years, from around 10,000 BC to the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 BC. Notable civilizations that existed during this time include the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians.
FDIC is a Federal Government provided insurance program provided through Federally regulated banks. It provides insurance protection for depositors so that they will not have to worry about the security of their money deposited in these insured banks. There is a similar program called the FSLIC that provides the same coverage for Savings and Loans. Other programs are provided for Credit Unions and for Brokerage Accounts. It is not insurance in the customary sense of the term. Instead, it is in the nature of a bail-out program in the event that a financial institution becomes insolvent. There exist limitations on the amount that each depositor can recover per account from the program.
FIRREA stands for the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989. It is a law in the United States that was enacted in response to the savings and loan crisis of the 1980s. FIRREA established various regulatory reforms and enforcement mechanisms to enhance the stability and integrity of the financial system, including the creation of the Office of Thrift Supervision and the Resolution Trust Corporation.