Tiff and Jpg are both image file formats. Tiff stands for: Tag Image File Format and Jpg stands for: Joint Photographic Group. Jpg is also now known as Jpeg, the E stands for Experts.
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PNG, JPEG, TIFF, GIF, PSD, or BMP.
Any Mac software that handles graphics (Preview for example) can convert between tiff and jpg (or any of the other popular formats). For most applications you would open your tiff file and then select Save As and there will be an option to select the required Format.
JPG (or JPEG), RAW and TIFF
File formats supported by PSP: jpeg (jpg), tiff, gif, png, bmp
Tagged Image File Format
.jpg and .jpeg stand for Joint Photographic Experts Group, and .png stands for Portable Network Graphic
JPG, JPEG, PNG, GIF, JFIF, EXIF, TIFF, RAW, BMP, TGA, SVG. Note: Those are only some. Also, these are not case sensitive.
The most commonly use is probably .JPEG, .JPG format. However .RAW and .TIFF are very popular with professional photographers.
A Raster images is made from pixels and can be saved in any number of well known formats such as JPG, GIF, PNG, BMP, TIFF...
For Vector it's .png .tif/.tiff .gif For Bitmap it's .bmp .jpg/.jpeg .gif
There is no universal file format, but most popular ones include jpg, png, gif, tiff, bmp, ico, svg, eps, pdf and psd.