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The explosion of a supernova. Some astrophysicists don't believe that even THAT would suffice to make some of the very heavy elements such as gold or uranium; they believe that only the collision of two neutron stars would release enough energy to do that.

The problem is the "packing fraction" curve. Two atomic nuclei can smash into each other at high energy and release a little bit of energy as the nuclei come together, or "fuse". When two or more hydrogen atoms smash into each other in the cores of stars, they fuse into helium, and we call this "nuclear fusion".

As we smash heavier and heavier elements together, they release smaller and smaller amounts of energy in fusing - until we get to iron. Once you start fusing elements together to get stuff heavier than iron, you have to PROVIDE energy to complete the reaction. Think of the packing fraction curve as a valley, with iron at the bottom of the valley. As you roll your bike down the hill from one side, you can coast because gravity is providing energy. Once you pass iron (at the bottom of the hill) you need to start putting in your OWN energy, by pedaling.

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Q: What event is believed to create elements heavier than iron?
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Continue Learning about Physics

What is a heating event?

it is a small particle that contains burnable elements.


How do you make an object shoot in game maker?

for shooting towards the mouse, there is an event called "global mouse left" in this event, add an action called "create object moving". select the obj_bullet (by now you should have this object created) X:mouse_x, Y:mouse_y ,speed:30 and your done. add enemies with a collision event to the bullet and add destroy instance:self.


What is spontaneous fission?

Spontaneous fission is a naturally occurring nuclear decay event that a few different elements undergo. Uranium and plutonium, which are radioactive, are the most well known of the fissionable elements, and they can do this in nature. The nucleus of the atoms of these elements are naturally unstable, and they can just "split" by themselves. The instability is a characteristic of these and some other elements, and this is because these large nuclei are so massive that their nuclear binding energy cannot hold them together indefinitely. Note that spontaneous fission is just one possibility as regards the decay of these heavy nuclei.In spontaneous fission, the unstable nucleus just falls or breaks apart by itself. The nucleus splits in two parts of approximately the same size, and these are the fission fragments from the decay event. One or more neutrons will be released at this time, too. The fission fragments recoil with a great deal of kinetic energy. Further, it is spontaneous fission that begins all nuclear chain reactions in nuclear weapons and in nuclear reactors. A link can be found below for more information.


Is it possible to make a death ray?

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Related questions

What elements are formed during a nova or supernova?

It is the elements heavier than iron that are formed in a supernova. All the heavier elements up through uranium appear when a star of sufficient mass collapses in a supernova event. These heavier elements, sometimes referred to as the trans-iron elements, appear in the collapse of a massive star. In this catastrophic event, the iron and silicon (and any other lighter elements) in the star are super compressed. The already hot conditions are made even hotter, and the available energy is sufficient to drive the fusion reactions that create the trans-iron elements.All the fusion reactions up through those that create iron are exothermic, and that means they release energy. The fusion reactions that create the trans-iron elements are endothermic, and that means energy has to be put into them. Only in the collapse of a star of sufficient mass is there enough energy to drive the fusion reactions that produce the trans-iron elements.See periodic table (iron is number 26).See related link.


How light elements and heavy elements formed differently?

The formation of the elements is a nuclear process that usually happens in stars. The core of the star is hot enough and has enough pressure to overcome the electric repulsion of the atomic nuclei and literally fuse the nuclei together. This process happens over and over again, but seems to stop at a certain mass. It appears that elements heavier than iron cannot be formed in the core of a star. These elements require more extreme conditions. The heavier elements on the Periodic Table (after Fe) are formed in supernova. These nuclei require tremendous energy to form, this energy must come from an event as large as a supernova.


How is it that the core of the earth terribly hot?

Mainly due to the decay of radioactive elements which create heat. Also due to the heat from Earth's creation, and from an event known as the "Iron Catastrophe".


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What is the changing of water to liquid gas?

Is an impossible event. That would be true magic! Elements that are needed to create gas are not in water.


When do stars burn out?

Simply stated, stars burn out when they run out of fuel. Stars fuse lighter nuclei into heaver nuclei, and they will turn hydrogen into helium, and then turn helium into heavier elements toward the end of their life. Through what is called stellar nucleosynthesis, fusion continues to create heavier elements. And as the stars ages (stellar evolution), it will eventually reach a point where it is forming iron. This is where things get difficult for the star.All the fusion reactions that create the elements up through iron release energy. Fusion reactions that create the trans-iron elements require energy to be put into the reaction. Where does this energy come from? Let's review the idea that the massive gravity of stars is always trying to cause them to collapse in on themselves. The energy released in fusion forces the material of the star outward, and these two forces struggle in equilibrium throughout the life of the star.At the end of a star's life, if the star is sufficiently large, when it collapses because it is running out of fuel, it will supply enough energy in the collapse to cause the fusion of elements heavier than iron, and this is the supernova event. A star of insufficient mass will simply collapse and end up a white dwarf. Larger stars might go nova and end up as a white dwarf, a neutron star, or as a black hole (for the really big stars).


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What is stellar nucleosynthesis?

Supernova nucleosynthesis is the process where new elements heavier than iron are created through nuclear fusion when a star goes supernova. During the "normal" life of a star, it fuses hydrogen into helium, and also fuses lighter nuclei together to make heavier nuclei, at least up through iron. But after the star completes the fusion of much of its bulk into iron, it no longer continues to function as a fusion engine. The fusion processes up through those that produce iron are all exothermic, and this released energy sustains further fusion throughout the life of the star. Toward the end of its life, the star can no longer operate the "regular" way it was in normal stellar nucleosynthesis. Recall that fusion is releasing huge quantities of energy and trying to "blow up" the star, but massive gravity keeps everything together. These two forces, fusion and gravity, operate at equilibrium. After exhausting most of it fuel creating iron, gravity wins and the star collapses. This collapse adds to the star's energy, and the collapse will add tremendous quantities of heat to the stellar plasma. This heat will provide energy for the endothermic fusion reactions that create the trans-iron elements and the star will go supernova, if it is of sufficient mass. With all the extra heat provided by the collapse of a sufficiently massive star, the fusion engine will be jump started. The heat-consuming fusion reactions that create the trans-iron elements will have the energy they need to drive them, and the supernova will create lots of material with nuclei heavier than iron. Additionally, this material will be blown across the universe to fertilize other newly forming solar systems. Links are provided below for more information.


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