In the Maldives, the accounting standards primarily used are the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which are adopted by many companies and financial institutions for financial reporting. The Maldives Accounting and Auditing Organization (MAAO) oversees the implementation of these standards. Additionally, smaller entities may use the Maldives Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS), which are simplified versions aligned with IFRS. The adoption of these standards aims to enhance transparency and accountability in financial reporting within the country.
The module commonly used for external financial reporting is the Financial Accounting (FI) module in ERP systems like SAP. This module facilitates the management of financial transactions, accounting records, and reporting requirements necessary for compliance with external standards and regulations. It allows organizations to generate financial statements, balance sheets, and profit and loss reports, ensuring accurate and timely reporting to stakeholders.
Sectional reconciliation is a process used in accounting and finance to ensure that the records of different sections or departments within an organization align with one another and with the overall financial statements. This involves comparing and verifying the balances and transactions of each section to identify discrepancies, ensuring accuracy and consistency in financial reporting. It helps maintain financial integrity and facilitates effective decision-making within the organization.
FRS - Financial Reporting StandardsIn UK, the chief standard-setter for financial accounting is the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), which issues standards called Financial Reporting Standards (FRSs). The ASB is part of the Financial Reporting Council, an independent regulator funded by a levy on listed companies.IFRS - International Financial Reporting StandardsInternational Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are standards and interpretations adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). This is used extensively in EU and there are efforts being made to converge accounting standards globally to IFRS.
The AASB 114 applies to entities that work 'for profit'. Principles for reporting financial information by segment information about its products and services and the location and is used for its financial reports.
Like any other organization, financial manager's job is to monitor and control the financial health of the organization and taking corrective mesures when required. In a non-profit organization, the profits will not be used by the sponsors or stakeholders but will be used towards achieving the organizations vision or goal.
A chart of accounts (COA) is a systematic listing of all account names and numbers used in an organization’s accounting system. It categorizes accounts into assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, and expenses, providing a framework for organizing financial transactions. Each account in the COA is assigned a unique identifier, facilitating easy tracking and reporting of financial data. This structure helps ensure consistency and clarity in financial reporting and analysis.
A list of accounts and identifications assigned is commonly referred to as a "chart of accounts." This financial tool categorizes all the accounts used by an organization to organize its financial transactions. Each account is typically assigned a unique identification number to facilitate tracking and reporting.
Financial (external) reporting produces information used by external users, investors, regulatory authorities, etc. who are concerned with the overall financial situation of the company. External reporting should put a premium on accuracy and understandability. Cost Management (internal) reporting or accounting focuses on analyzing costs and their drivers--for internal purposes such as measuring efficiency or decision making processes. Although accuracy and understandability are still important, internal reporting focuses more on timeliness and relevance.
IFRS, or International Financial Reporting Standards, are used by public companies in many countries around the world as the accounting standard for financial reporting. It is also often used by private companies, non-profit organizations, and government entities in countries where IFRS is adopted.
Consolidation analysis is a financial evaluation method used to assess the combined financial performance and position of multiple entities, such as subsidiaries or divisions, into a single set of financial statements. This analysis helps stakeholders understand the overall strength and efficiency of the consolidated organization, including its revenue, expenses, and profitability. It is commonly used in mergers and acquisitions, financial reporting, and strategic planning. By analyzing consolidated data, companies can identify synergies, risks, and opportunities for growth.
A reporting period refers to a specific timeframe used for compiling and presenting financial or performance data. It can be monthly, quarterly, annually, or any other designated duration, depending on the context or requirements of an organization. This period allows stakeholders to analyze trends, assess performance, and make informed decisions based on the reported information.