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In April 12, 1861 the Confederates shore batteries opened fire on Fort Sumter. The bombardment continued for forty hours without loss of life but with heavy damage to the wall of the fort. On April 13, the Union forces under Major Robert Anderson surrendered, and the South had won a victory but had also assumed responsibility for firing the first shot.

Source: Divine, Robert A. America, past and Present. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007. Print.

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