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diviation in shape to circle
The semi-major axis (size) and the eccentricity (shape).
All orbits are elliptical. Some, like Earth's are ALMOST circles, but every orbit has at least a little bit of eccentricity.
No. A circle is an unstable shape for an object orbiting another. An orbit is between slightly and very elliptical (egg-shaped). If an object is placed in a circular orbit, the orbit will quickly deteriorate to an elliptical orbit. Added: Mar's elliptical eccentricity is rather above average for a planetary orbit. Not quite as large as Mercury, but large enough.
No, all the planets have orbits that are technically ellipses with low eccentricity. Apart from Mercury all the other seven planets have orbits that are very nearly circular, but the Sun is offfset from the centre of the circle by a different amount for each planet depending on the eccentricity of the orbit.
The orbit becomes more eccentric until the orbit becomes almost a strait line.
diviation in shape to circle
Mercury's orbit, like all planet's, is elliptical.The eccentricity of Mercury's orbit is 0.206
100,000 and 400,000 years, caused by changes in the shape of earth's orbit around the sun.
The semi-major axis (size) and the eccentricity (shape).
All orbits are elliptical. Some, like Earth's are ALMOST circles, but every orbit has at least a little bit of eccentricity.
If the velocity of the satellite is always perpendicular to the force of gravity, then the eccentricity of the orbit is zero, and it's perfectly circular.
The actual shape of the earth's orbit around the sun is horrendously complicated. Partly because the earth does not orbit the sun and also because the orbit is influenced by the the gravitational attraction of the other planets. The earth does not orbit the sun: the centre of mass of the earth-sun system is at one of the foci of an ellipse whose eccentricity is 0.0167. The eccentricity varies from 0.0034 to 0.058.
The shape of Earth's orbit becomes more or less oval (eccentricity), Earth wobbles as it spins (precession), and Earth's axis changes too (tilt).
No. A circle is an unstable shape for an object orbiting another. An orbit is between slightly and very elliptical (egg-shaped). If an object is placed in a circular orbit, the orbit will quickly deteriorate to an elliptical orbit. Added: Mar's elliptical eccentricity is rather above average for a planetary orbit. Not quite as large as Mercury, but large enough.
No, all the planets have orbits that are technically ellipses with low eccentricity. Apart from Mercury all the other seven planets have orbits that are very nearly circular, but the Sun is offfset from the centre of the circle by a different amount for each planet depending on the eccentricity of the orbit.
Eccentricity does not refer to the [size] of the ellipse. It refers to the [shape].An ellipse with [zero] eccentricity is a [circle].As the eccentricity increases, the ellipse becomes less circular,and more 'squashed', like an egg or a football.