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Historically, latitude was always measured with the sextant, and

longitude with the chronograph (clock). Nowadays, it's all GPS.

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The "sextant", from the latin word for "six", is one-sixth of a circle, and is the primary tool used in celestial navigation. However, before the sextant came into widespread use, the "quadrant" of a quarter-circle and the later "octant", an eighth of a circle, were used.

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