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This legal doctrine provides that someone in possession of land continuously for a period of 10 years may receive absolute title to the land if his or her possession was adverse to the interests of the true owner. It may require a "quiet title" lawsuit to decide whether all five elements of adverse possession are present in any given factual situation. The court and jury will decide.

Requirements for adverse possession claim:

  1. Actual possession
  2. Hostile (occupied with the intent to take the land from its rightful owner)
  3. Open and notorious (so long as the adverse possessor acts conspicuously and openly as though the land is his),
  4. Exclusive, and
  5. Continuous for the 10-year period, then title can be established for the adverse possessor.

Tenants cannot assert adverse possession even after leasing the property from more than 10 years because they are there with the consent of the landowner (not "hostile use").

Keep in mind that if a title is acquired by adverse possession, it can be made "marketable of record" only after either a court has rendered judgment that all the requirements of the doctrine of adverse possession have been met.

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