a change in the sequence of amino acids. -P
a change in the sequence of amino acids determined by a gene
B. The amino acid sequence may be altered during protein synthesis.
A mutation
A base sequence in a DNA molecule is changed
Genes of the patient's DNA.
a change in the sequence of amino acids determined by a gene
sequence of subunits in DNA.
sequence of subunits in DNA.
A single change in the primary sequence of bases can result in complete misfolding of proteins. The most likely serious change would be addition or deletion of a base, a substitution would be less likey to be as serious but can also render a protein inactive.
This would result in a frameshift mutation. This would cause the protein, after translation, to be truncated and would most likely be non-functional. This is due to a change in the amino acid sequence and would stop the protein from forming the correct secondary and tertiary structures due to a change in the electrostatic/ hydrophobic/ h-bonding etc. parameters of the protein
B. The amino acid sequence may be altered during protein synthesis.
No. Since a mutation in the DNA may not necessarily result in a change to the encoded amino acid in the protein sequence, it is entirely possible. Further, the protein function will likely not change when an amino acid is replaced with one of similar chemical properties. Sometimes it does, sometimes it doesn't. This is the field that molecular evolutionary biologists study.
substitution
A mutation
A base sequence in a DNA molecule is changed
Genes of the patient's DNA.
Amino acids have different properties according to their R group. They can be negative, positive, aromatic, etc. - which will affect where that amino acid will be found, and what functions it will perform. For example, Glutamate and Aspartate are negative amino acids, and so are most likely to be found on the surface of proteins. Whereas Leucine and Methionine are hydrophobic, so they will be found in the interior of the protein. The sequence of amino acids causes the protein to fold in a certain way to find the most energetically and functionally favourable shape.