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A lithological trap is a type of geological structure where hydrocarbons accumulate due to the presence of specific rock types or lithologies that prevent the movement of oil and gas, creating a reservoir. These traps can include stratigraphic features like pinchouts or unconformities where impermeable rocks cap porous ones, trapping hydrocarbons beneath the surface. Understanding the lithology of a region is crucial in oil and gas exploration to identify potential trapping mechanisms.

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