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In Geographic Information Systems, a grid square Raster data are spatial data expressed as a matrix of cells, with spatial order indicated in the ordering of the cells. A raster map is a map stored as a regular array of cells; a raster scanner records an image by breaking it into pixels. Raster to vector conversion consists of changing an image made up of cells (rasters) into one made up of lines and polygons.

Vector data provide for high precision in representing the location of features. vector data can be used to define the location of a point, a line, and an area. A point is represented by a simple pair of coordinates.

- Vector Data model uses objects to represent and organize spatial features.

- The geometry (spatial data) of a feature is stored as an attribute along with other attributes in a record.

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