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An ammonium carbamate is the ammonium salt of carbamic acid - used as a nitrogen fertilizer and in the manufacturer of urea.

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Why iron corroded in the presence of ammonium carbamate?

Ammonium carbamate is a chemical salt resulting from the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide. The structure is: H2N-C(=O)-O(-)(+)NH4. Ammonium carbamate can be formed without any intermediates by passing ammonia gas over solid carbon dioxide (dry ice). In the real world, there is often water present and this complicates matters. Carbon dioxide and water can react to form carbonic acid, H2CO3. Carbonic acid is a diprotic acid and can react with 2 equivalents of base, so, when carbonic acid reacts with ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate begins to form; HO-C(=O)-O(-)(+)NH4. As more ammonia is added, ammomium carbonate begins to form; H4N(+)(-)O-C(=O)-O(-)(+)NH4. These are equilibrium reactions. As the concentration of ammonium carbonate increases, there is a conversion of some of the ammonium carbonate to ammonium carbamate. This is a dehydration reaction. An industrially important chemical that is derived from ammonia and carbon dioxide is urea, which is used as fertilizer. Urea is ammonium carbonate that has given up two molecules of water; H2N-C(=O)-NH2. The fertilizer plants that manufacture urea have severe corrosion problems due to the ammonium carbamate intermediate. The corrosion is so severe that carbon steel cannot be used. Some parts of the process will corrode 316 stainless steel. Those heated sections are manufactured from special alloys. Why does iron corrode in the presence of ammonium carbamate? Ammomium carbamate is hygroscopic and will attract moisture. Wetted ammonium carbamate will become an equilibrium mixture of ammonium carbamate and ammonium carbonate. This combination of salts and moisture attacks the protective oxide layer on the surface of steel with chelation-type mechanism. This exposes the underlying base metal for further attack.


Is cypermethrin a carbamate?

No it is a pyrethroid


How do fertilizer plants prepare Granular Urea?

Taking a 50000 tons urea fertilizer plant as an example, the process of making granular urea fertilizer as follows: materials batching, raw materials mixing, materials crushing, granulation by pan granulator, urea granules drying, cooling, granular urea screening, packaging etc. the whole process includes at least eight fertilizer machines to work together. Of course, your fertilizer yearly yield depends on the number of fertilizer machines. At the same, you should consider the raw materials of urea fertilizer and urea shape. This is a video shows the whole process of making fertilizer in fertilizer plant.


What is alkyl calcium carbamate used for?

Alkyl calcium carbamate is used as a processing aid and vulcanizing agent in the rubber industry. It helps to improve the curing process of rubber compounds, enhancing their mechanical properties and overall performance.


What is the correct name for NH4ClO4?

ammonium perchlorate


What is the name of NH4C1?

Ammonium Chloride


What is the name for NH4Cl?

NH4Cl is ammonium chloride.


Where does Urethane come from?

Urethane, also known as ethyl carbamate, is a chemical compound that can be produced synthetically or be found naturally in fermented foods and alcoholic beverages. Industrially, urethane is commonly produced as a byproduct in the production of ethyl carbamate-based chemicals.


What is the tox number for urethane?

What do you mean by tox number? When you say urethane do you mean Ethyl carbamate with a CASRN - 51-79-6? If your question is what is the toxicity of ethyl carbamate in humans, I offer the following information: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has determined that there is inadequate data to derive a number to quantify non-carcinogenic health effects by the inhalation route of exposure. The USPEA has not evaluated the carcinogenicity of ethyl carbamate. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has determined that ethyl carbamate is probably carcingenic to humans. If, on the other hand, your question is regarding polyurethane coatings typically used to seal wood floors, among other uses, then the question is what is the toxicity of many other chemicals (other than ethyl carbamate), some known, some unknown, some depending on the manufacturer and formulation.


Where do you purchase carbaryl insecticide?

Search carbamate insecticides. I think it's the active in all Tempo stuff


What is the subscript for ammonium in the chemical formula ammonium dichromate?

Ammonium Dichromate: (NH4)2Cr2O7. The subscript on Ammonium (NH4) is 2.


What is the name for NH4 HSO4?

ammonium tetraoxosulphate vi acid *************************** We were taught this is Ammonium Hydrogen Sulphate [Also: Ammonium Bisulphate]