A bench mark is an object to a set standard.
All measurements are made by merely comparing the object to be measured with a known object which is called the standard , or reference.
It's found by comparing standard mass units
finding meaning in data by looking for patters or trends
reference point
The object is placed in the left pan because standard masses are kept in the right one which is an ancient convection
ascertain the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units or by comparing it with an object of known size
density
Density.
By comparing the object with a stationary object. For instance, we are standing apparently still on earth, yet by comparing our position against the sun and stars, we have proof that the earth is actually moving.
variancce analysis
measurments
It is calibrating.