It is called graphing.
A scientist record the data in a table which displays it in a clear and readable format. Then they usually convert this into any sort of graph which allows them to compare the data. Graphs can include scatter graphs, line graphs, bar charts and pie charts, all of which depend on the data you are studying, hope that helped :)
CDs and DVDs both use a storage technique called optical storage. The data is stored on the discs by burning microscopic holes on the exterior of the disc, invisible to the naked eye. CD and DVD readers then perceive these holes as data and displays it to the user or computer. This is why you "Burn" something onto a CD/DVD.
brown
The median is the value in the middle when data is arranged in ascending order such as (1 2 3 4 5) 3 is the median. half of the observations, (4 & 5) are above it and half of the observations, (1 & 2) are below it. Thus median is your answer. :)
All digital data is represented as one's and zero's. The actual physical representation of data on an optical disc - assuming you are talking about CD's - is called pits and lands.
A visual display of data is called a chart, table or a graph.
file
Microsoft Excel displays data in Worksheets, also called spreadsheets, or as a group of worksheets known as a Workbook.
It is a spreadsheet.
formula bar
A visual display of data is called a chart, table or a graph.
an image file
datasheet view
A computer monitor displays any data that is entered on the keyboard.
It is called the "median".
Theory
The term for a visual representation of data is a data visualization.