The correlation coefficient is a measure of linear association between two (or more) variables. It does not measure non-linear relationships nor does it say anything about causality.
Yes. There are several sequels to Causality.
It is the empirical theory of Causality as propounded by hume.
Ordinary least squares is a statistical technique for fitting a linear estimate for data which may be scattered about a trend line. It is useful only for estimating linear relationships, it may not be valid outside the range of observed values and it does not say anything about causality.
figure it out
Examples of false causality are the claims that chance, mutations or survival can drive upward evolution.
Causality - 2012 was released on: USA: 12 March 2012 (Hero Film Initiative)
morality
covariation, uniqueness and temporal order
you get drunk
Circular causality refers to a series of events where each one is caused by the one before it, and the first one is caused by the last.
Determinism and free will