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The ground ('earth'), because of its mass, is a reasonably-good conductor and is used as a 'reference' for a distribution transformer's neutral terminal. A ground fault ('earth fault') occurs when the line conductor from the distribution transformer makes accidental contact directly with the ground ('earth'). The resulting low-resistance earth path back to the transformer's neutral is such that the resulting ground-fault current('earth-fault current') will operate the transformer's overcurrent protection device (e.g. fuse).

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9y ago
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10y ago

Ground faults are usually caused by a break down of the insulation of the "hot" conductor. This allows a very high current rush to ground. Over current protection in the circuit interrupts this current rush by opening the circuit.

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Q: What is meant by ground fault?
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