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Proteins are composed of polypeptides which are in turn composed of amino acids which are organic molecules and are composed of:

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

And a variable group (Can be a carbon, hydrogen, or sometimes a sulfur)

All amino acids share a common structure, where an amino group is bonded to a carbon atom (designated the alpha carbon) which is in turn bonded to carboxylate (carboxyllic acid), a hydrogen and the variable group often denoted as the R group (except glycine which has a H for an R group). Amino acids combine through a dehydration mechanism which removes a hydroxyl group from the carboxyllic acid of one amino acid and the proton from another amino acid's amino group: the resultant bond is referred to as a peptide bond and is very stable and rigid (planar) due to delocalisation of the double bond of the carbonyl over to the N atom

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14y ago

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