What is reasonable classification on article 14 of Indian constitution?

Answer 1

Article 14 reads 'equality before the law' which means that among equals law should be evenly applied and administered. Article 14 also guarantees 'equal protection of the laws' that doesn't mean that all laws must be universally applied over all persons irrespective of the circumstances they are in.there are varying needs of different classes of persons which often require separate treatment.in fact, identical treatment of unequal circumstances would amount to inequality [Abdul Rehman v. Pinto (1954)]. so, as held in the case of Jagjit Singh v. State (AIR 1954 Hyd 28), reasonable classification is no only permitted but is also necessary for the society. thus, it means that equals should be treated alike and differential treatment of the differently circumstanced. the classification, however, must not be 'arbitrary,artificial or evasive' but must be based on some real and substantial distinctions held in the case of Anwar Ali Sarkar (AIR 1952 SC 75),in order to pass the test of permissible classification two conditions must be fulfilled viz.

a) the classification must be founded on an intelligible differentia which distinguishes persons or things that are grouped together from others left out from the group.

b) the differentia must have a rational relation to the object sought to be achieved by the act.