The reinforcement may be in the form of "mesh" or rods. The steel reinforcing rods are colloquially called rebar(reinforcement bars).
Reinforcement
to support the concrete
The concrete would be weaker, and more prone to cracking.
Under reinforcement is safe because in this case steel fails before concrete.
Items used to reinforce concrete are wire mesh, rebar, and steel cables.
The amount of steel required in concrete as reinforcement is measured using a formula that calculates the amount of pressure that will be put on the concrete. There are different formulas to identify the minimum and the maximum amount of needed steel, depending on if you are making a beam, slab, or column.
It proves shear reinforcement in the beam.
Strength and cost.
RCC means reinforced cement concrete....in this case the reinforcement used is steel bars.....the purpose of using the steel bars in concrete it gives tensile strength to concrete to some extent.
A common characteristic of reinforced concrete bridges is that they feature a combination of concrete and steel reinforcement to provide added strength and durability. The steel reinforcement helps to enhance the tensile strength of the concrete, allowing the bridge to better withstand forces like tension and bending.
The road surface where vehicles drive. Could be asphalt, gravel/dirt, concrete, or steel.
2%....according to Bureau of Indian Standards, Concrete design code book - IS-456