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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a long-lasting (chronic) infection of the central nervous system that causes inflammation of the brain. The infection is caused by an altered form of the measles virus.
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571.6
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What is the outcome of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
As SSPE is almost always fatal, emphasis is placed upon maintaining comfort, rather than rehabilitation.
What are advanced symptoms of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
The disease progresses so that the individual becomes increasingly dependent, ultimately becoming bedridden and unaware of his or her surroundings.
What are the initial symptoms of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
Initial symptoms include a change in behavior, irritability, memory loss, and difficulty in forming thoughts and solving problems.
What individuals are most likely to develop subacute sclerosing panencephalitis from measles infection?
It is most common among people who had measles infection prior to the age of two years.
What rare complication can occur up to ten years after recovering from measles?
Called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, this is a slowly progressing, smoldering swelling and destruction of the entire brain.
What is the diagnosis for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
Experts believe this condition is a form of measles encephalitis (swelling of the brain), caused by an improper response by the immune system to the measles virus.
What are initial symptoms of measles associated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
Symptoms include changes in personality, decreased intelligence with accompanying school problems, decreased coordination, involuntary jerks and movements of the body.
What are final stages of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
Blindness may develop, and the temperature may spike (rise rapidly) and fall unpredictably as the brain structures responsible for temperature regulation are affected. Death is inevitable.
What are the causes of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
The disease is caused by the reactivated form of a mutated measles virus. The inactive form of the virus can be present in the body for up to 10 years following the initial bout of measles before the symptoms of SSPE develop.
Who is affected by subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?
Children and young adults are primarily affected with SSPE. Males are also more affected than females, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. Those in rural areas are much more susceptible.
When does subacute sclerosing panencephalitis develop?
SSPE develops when the measles virus, which is still present but is in an inactive (or latent) form, is reactivated. The appearance of symptoms typically leads to a disease that last from one to three years.
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