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Japanese writing system consists of syllables and not alphabet like English. The syllables are a combination of the consonants (k, s, t, n, h, m, y, r, w) with the five vowels (a, i, u, e, o). For example the group for 'k' is [ka, ki, ku, ke, ko]. There are some exceptions to these combinations which you can find on any of the multiple tables. There are 3 distinct parts to the Japanese writing system:

1) Hiragana: Basic syllabary for Japanese original words, grammatical usages such as verb/adjective inflections and such.

2) Katakana: Syllabary used for writing non-Japanese (foreign) words such as non-Japanese names, proper nouns and foreign-inserted words, more complete and younger than Hiragana. It has other usages such as in writing various onomatopoeia, animal names, Japanese original names etc.

3) Kanji: The main body of the system, which can come alone or in compounds to form words, Japanese names etc. They are inserted from Chinese writing long ago and have usually two sets of pronunciation, Japanese reading (kun-yomi) and Chinese reading (on-yomi).

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