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Irony is one of the more difficult concepts to recognize and apply. It involves in some sense a discrepancy between what is said and what is meant, or between what appears to be and what really is.

In a simple case, sarcasm is a form of irony, where a person says the opposite of what he or she means and intends to convey. An example is if you see someone do something stupid and say "Oh, that was brilliant!", where your tone of voice suggests that you mean the exact opposite.

However, this kind of thing can be done much more subtly, so that the person you are speaking to does not catch the irony in your statement, but your friend does. You are arguing with someone who does not understand the meaning of a word, so you start your reply with, "I probably don't understand the meaning of . . ." Your friends know that you do know the meaning and you are showing off your opponent's ignorance; your opponent probably takes your remark at face value.

Situations can be ironic, too. When this happens, it is called dramatic irony. For example, the American government, claiming that they were trying to protect the freedom of the American people, passed the Patriot Act which curtailed their basic freedoms. Likewise they sought to foil the plans of terrorists trying to terrify their people by making everyone even more frightened and terrified than before. That is irony: what they say they are doing and what they are really doing are at cross-purposes.

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13y ago

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