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AlCl3Although a metal-nometal compound, AlCl3 is not ionic (as might be predicted). Single covalent bonds form between aluminum and three chlorine atoms, forming AlCl3 molecules. Two of these join together (forming a 'dimer') with formula Al2Cl6.

Aluminium bromide and aluminum iodide are similar in nature. However, aluminum fluoride is ionic. Why the difference in bonding? It all has to do with the difference in electronegativity of the elements:

Al & F - difference of 2.37

Al & Cl - difference of 1.55

Al & Br - difference of 1.35

Al & I - difference of 1.05

Generally, if the difference in electronegativity is greater than 2.0 then the bond will be ionic. If less than 2.0, then the bond will be covalent.

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