While critical examination (the actual application of critical thinking processes, NOT thinking up ever newer criticisms) is actually recommended, "critical interpretation" however, too often is filled with bias and prejudice not based on all the evidence (in fact often purposely excluding it and sometimes ignoring it).
Exegesis
Your question is too broad. There were rules for determining which books belonged in Sacred Scripture, there are rules as to how to interpret Sacred Scripture. There are rules as to how to nourish your life with Sacred Scripture. There are rules for the inclusion of Sacred Scripture in all of life, and rules for the reading of Sacred Scripture, which ones are you asking about?
Pope Pius XII's Encyclical "Divino Afflante Spiritu" Sept 30 1943 opened the door to a wider interpretation of Sacred Scripture for Catholic Scholars.
Hebrew
The Bible, also known as Sacred Scripture.
Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition
The heart of the sacred scripture is in the Gospel.Because JESUS CHRIST the incarnate Word of GOD is the heart and fullness of God's Revelation.
The Sacred Scripture
Mary Healy is a biblical scholar and professor of Sacred Scripture at Sacred Heart Major Seminary in Detroit, Michigan. She is known for her expertise in the New Testament and her publications on biblical interpretation. Her work focuses on making the Bible accessible to a wider audience and helping readers deepen their understanding of Scripture.
The understanding of Cathechism of Catholic church is simply its definite interpretation of the word of God.This teaching composed of Sacred Scripture, the church magisterium, the apostolic tradition.
Yes
Jews and Christians.