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A shared pair of electrons are two electrons in a covalent bond that alternate between atoms; one electron from one atom and one electron from the other atom. If you were to draw a dot diagram, two dots (standing for electrons) would be between the two atoms, one for each atom.

Unshared pairs are two electrons that are not involved in a bond and have already filled their shells. In a dot diagram there would be two electrons paired together on one side of an atom, but not shown to be part of the bond.

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Q: What is the difference between a shared pair and unshared pair of electrons?
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