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The fertile crescent is seen as the first place that man moved from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled lifestyle and began to farm crops intentionally (rather than just moving to where edible plants grew themselves). This is known as the agricultural revolution and is seen as a critical point in the history of mankind.

The reason that civilization effectively started in the fertile crescent is complicated and not entirely understood, but it is known as an unusually fertile area of land (hence the name) and located in an area where the vast majority of farmable animals can survive and are available.

The pivotal role of the fertile crescent in the development of human civilization is discussed in two excellent books:

The Ascent of Man, by Jacob Bronowski and

Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond

Both of these books have been made into TV documentaries, which I highly recommend if you are interested in this subject.

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13y ago

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