Keratin is an extremely strong protein which is a major component in skin, hair, nails, hooves, horns, and teeth. The amino acids which combine to form keratin have several unique properties, and depending on the levels of the various amino acids, keratin can be inflexible and hard, like hooves, or soft, as is the case with skin. Most of the keratin that people interact with is actually dead; hair, skin, and nails are all formed from dead cells which the body sheds as new cells push up from underneath. If the dead cells are kept in good condition, they will serve as an insulating layer to protect the delicate new keratin below them,
Keratinization is not typically a direct result of toxicity. Instead, it is a natural process in which epithelial cells undergo structural changes and transform into keratin-filled cells. However, certain toxins or irritants may disrupt this process, leading to abnormal keratinization.
They produce nails :)
toxicity of vitamin A
its where the cells begin to die and where finally they will be shed from the skin. the cells at this stage become progressively flatter, and the cell cytoplasm is replaced with the hard protein keratin
stratum basale: youngest karatincytes made by stem cells.
keratinization
Earl O. Butcher has written: 'Fundamentals of keratinization'
Epidermal cells undergo a process called keratinization to produce nails. During keratinization, the epidermal cells in the nail matrix produce keratin, a tough protein that forms the structure of the nail plate. As these cells mature and move upwards, they become tightly packed and eventually form the hardened nail plate that we see.
Keratinization in the lungs is abnormal and indicates a condition called squamous metaplasia. It is often a response to chronic irritation or inflammation, such as from smoking. This can impair the normal function of the lungs and increase the risk of developing respiratory issues.
the addition of keratin to the stratified squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis. Begins in the stratum spinosum and continues into the stratum granulosum.
alpha can be translated as the letter "A" in the greek alphabet, but also used as first. keratin are a family of fibrous structural protein
Keratinization starts when protein in the form of food is digested and the body breaks it down into amino acids. These enter the blood stream and are carried to the papilla and the matrix at the base of the follicle where cells are formed that will eventually create hair.