What is the relationship between pressure and temperature of saturated steam?

Answer 1

Thermodynamics study about the interchange of heat and work between a system and the surroundings which occurs when the system undergoes a process. Thermodynamic also concerned about the changes in the properties of fluid. Most thermodynamics substances such as gases and vapours are often referred as P-V-T substances. An ideal gas obeys the equation of state that relates the pressure, specific volume or density, and absolute temperature with mass of molecule and the gas constant, R. However, real gas does not absolutely obey the equation of state. A few modifications on the ideal gas equation of state allow its application in the properties of real gas. When energy is added within water, the increasing of activities among the molecules caused the increase in the number of molecule escape from the surface until an equilibrium state is reached. The state of equilibrium depends on the pressure between the water surface and steam. The lower the pressure, the easier the molecules leaving the water surface and thus less energy is required to achieve the state of equilibrium (boiling point). The temperature where equilibrium occurs at a given pressure level is called saturated temperature. The pressure where equilibrium occurs at a given temperature is called saturated pressure. Marcet Boiler is used to investigate the relationship between the pressure and temperature of saturated steam in equilibrium with water at all temperature. The conducted experiment provides us a clear image on the progressing in between pressure, time and temperature. As time increased, the increased temperature energized the molecules of the water and thus, pressure became higher until the state of equilibrium.