This phenomenon is known as electrostatic induction.
The transfer of electrons without direct contact is Radiation.
induction
Induction
induction
induction
Negative charge.
When a charged object touches another object. Electrons can be transferred through friction. Electrons can also be transferred through contact and conduction. You can charge a neutral object by contact with a charged object. Charging by contact happens when electrons move from one object to a neutral object.
gained electrons
Objects become charged when electrons move from object to another
Induction
Induction
induction
Induction
induction
induction
It becomes charged. (negatively)
Due to an object nearby, the electrons move to a specific direction as they are either attracted or repelled by it. Such as if there is a negatively charged object near an uncharged object, the electrons in the uncharged object will move as far away from the negative object as possible, and this is what you called an induced charge.
induction
Negative charge.
Not much: it is what we call an ion. As a charged item, it will be drawn to any item that is differently charged to itself - Lacking an electron, it is positively charged, so it will be drawn to an item that is negatively charged (a surplus of electrons), neutrally charged (the right number of electrons), or even less-positively charged. As soon as an ion comes in contact with such an item, it will grab an electron from that. Be that item a larger atom or molecule, a spec of dust, a wall, or you. It will then be an ordinary, uncharged oxygen atom. What it touched will then be charged slightly differently, and will be drawn to another charged item, until everything is charged the same. So for an atom, being short an electron is not a big deal.
When a charged object touches another object. Electrons can be transferred through friction. Electrons can also be transferred through contact and conduction. You can charge a neutral object by contact with a charged object. Charging by contact happens when electrons move from one object to a neutral object.