Could you be a little more specific? There are lots of rifles considered large caliber, therefore there are all sorts of ammunition.
Depedns on what the barrel is marked as to caliber. Could be rim or centerfire.
There are many brands. .22 rifles are generally quite finicky, so you will need to experiment with different brands until you find one that your rifle shoots well. Eley 10X and CCI Green Tag are two of my favorites. Federal is my favorite cartrige, DO NOT BUY WINCHESTER ROUNDS
There are several rifles and carbines that are chambered for the 9mm Parabellum cartridge. Among others, the AR-15 style rifles have been made in that caliber, as well as the Marlin Camp 9 carbine, and High Point carbine.
Any Winchester 308 ammunition will work for you.
Look on the barrel, it will be marked with the correct ammunition.
Your Winchester model 1894 angle eject(AE) will accept any commercial made ammunition marked by caliber .45 colt.
To my knowledge here is no standard caliber for a rifle salute of 21 guns or less, but they seem to be most often done with older wooden-stocked rifles in .30 caliber or comparable. Also, if I am not mistaken, blank rounds are used for the salute, in which case there is no bullet.
rifles
The caliber of ammunition the rifle uses is usually roll-stamped on the right side of the barrel, just in front of the receiver. For example: if it says "7mm Remington (Rem.) magnum (mag.) you would need to buy that type of ammunition as sold by Remington, Federal or any of the other companies offering this type of ammo in whichever bullet weight you prefer to shoot.
The military items are as followed15 Prototype Model 1803 muzzle-loading .54-caliber rifles "Kentucky Rifles"15 Gun slings24 Large knivesPowder horns500 Rifle flints420 Pounds (191 kilograms) of sheet lead for bullets176 Pounds (80 kilograms) of gunpowder packed in 52 lead canisters1 Long-barreled rifle that fired its bullet with compressed air, rather than by flint, spark, and powder
Shotgun shells
Have it examined by a gunsmith