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A thermocouple converts thermal energy into electrical energy through the thermoelectric effect. Thermocouples are self powered and can measure a wide range of temperatures.
A solar cell converts light into electrical energy.
"speaker"
The rate at which an electrical device converts energy from one form to another is called electrical power. The rate at which electrical energy is changed to another energy form electrical power.
An electrric motor
A thermocouple converts thermal energy into electrical energy through the thermoelectric effect. Thermocouples are self powered and can measure a wide range of temperatures.
sensor is basically a device which detects and converts your signal of interest into a measurable or observable quantity (mostly an electrical signal). Say for example, a pressure sensor detects pressure and converts it into an electrical output which can be further processed for actuation or to be displayed.
Transducer is a device which converts one quantity in to another quantity........... Mostly we are using electrical transducers. That converts physical quantity in to electrical quantity. Transducers enables us to measure the physical quantity. Also they are employed in the sensors too.
A solar cell converts light into electrical energy.
A microphone is a device that converts mechanical pressure waves or sound in air into electrical voltage waves. Speaking into a microphone excites (moves) a diaphragm that is coupled to a device that creates an electrical voltage proportional to the produced sound pressure.
electrical device
microphone
The official definition for the word transducer is " a device that converts variations in a physical quantity, such as pressure or brightness, into an electrical signal, or vice versa."
Technically, a transducer is defined as a device, which converts other sources of energy such as heat, mechanical, pressure etc. into electrical energy, i.e., the output of a transducer is always electrical energy. Since, a speaker converts electrical energy into sound energy, it is not a transducer.
speaker
Turbine,dynamo
microphone