It depends on how it is used in the sentence.
It is often used as a preposition, as in "Throughout my lifetime, I have done many things." (The prepositional phrase is indicated in bold.)
It can also be used as an adverb, as in "I have lived a long lifetime, and I have done many things throughout." In this case, "throughout" would modify the verb, "have done."
adverb
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The word 'throughout' is a preposition when followed by a noun:Prices continued to rise throughout the decade.The word 'throughout' is an adverb when it's not followed by a noun:It was a difficult time but my family supported me throughout.
The the word 'throughout' (no space) is an adverb and a preposition.Examples:This home has been refurbished throughout. (adverb)That species is indigenous throughout the southeast. (preposition)
The word nationwide is an adjective. It describes something which extends throughout an entire nation.
The word "regal" is an adjective that describes something royal or majestic. It can be found throughout a speech to convey a sense of power, authority, and dignity.
The word 'throughout' is a preposition when followed by a noun:Prices continued to rise throughout the decade.The word 'throughout' is an adverb when it's not followed by a noun:It was a difficult time but my family supported me throughout.
The part of speech for "answer" is a noun.
part of speech
The part of speech for this particular word is a noun.
adverb
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The part of speech for "indefinite" is an adjective.